Archive for the “CCNP” Category
Hello Guys,
More interesting to a laboratory level of CCNP. This laboratory is quite simple, but illustrates the way a problem we all Network Engineers will have to face in the future.
As the wheel IPv4 Internet will be a great challenge migrate it to use IPv6 in all its points. This laboratory is illustrated the GRE tunneling between two locations using the Internet as a means (R2 simulating an IPv4 network).
Below is the topology of the network.
The IOS is used advipservicesk9-c7200-mz.124-9.T.bin available in HD blog. Follow the same recommendations for the laboratory: use and abuse of show commands and debug, modify and use the laboratory to study and learn .
Below is presented a link to download.
Lab IPv6 - 6-to-4 Tunneling (updated)
Sinceraly,
Maurício Bentow.
6 Comments »
Hello everybody,
In the final stage of preparation for BSCI did a more succinct summary of the routing protocols that are part of the scope of this evidence. This summary aims to differentiate various details that are charged in BSCI, such as standard metric when a route is redistributed, terminology and much more. The routing protocols charged in the examination are:
- EIGRP
- OSPF multiarea
- Integrated IS-IS
- BGP in a non-transit AS.
It created a table in Excel which was converted to a figure. This appears a little lower down. Click the picture to download it in full.
Cheers,
Maurício.
4 Comments »
Hello Guys,
This laboratory includes several areas of knowledge of routing. The basic configuration is shown in figure below.
In this lab the R2 router acts as DHCP server for your own network to network R3 using the command ip helper-address to use the pool set in R2.
The objective of this lab, and understand the DHCP configuration is able to observe the drop links and topology table to see the routes going to the active state, or seeking an alternate path for the route that fell.
Note that as in Dynamips is not possible to add hosts, routers only have added that without the function of routing. This was possible through the command ip routing.
In addition, follow the recommendations of all: show and debug commands and customize the labs to understand and learn. We used 3600 routers and IOS is available in HD blog. Do not forget to change the paths in the file. Net.
Here is the link to download.
EIGRP Lab - Practice and Queries Dhcp-Relay
A Abrasive staff,
Maurício.
No Comments »
Hello Guys,
A very complex part of the BGP protocol is communication within the autonomous system, or when he runs as IBGP (interior). Several BGP rules change when the communication and exchange of routes occur within the autonomous system, where the topology should be well planned to set up the routers adequately.
This laboratory is focused on communication IBGP, and to make it more interesting, the routers are not available in full-meshed.It should be borne in mind that the routes learned by IBGP are not advertised to other IBGP peers, so the full provision -mesh is widely used. When you can not be made a route-reflector.
A route-reflector is nothing but a router that replicates its BGP table to its peers configured.
Below the topology.
The standard recommendations: use and abuse of show and debug commands, understand the operation and trade routes and learn from the laboratory. Were used IOS c3620-is-mz.123-15 c7200-mz.123-22-ik9o3s both available in HD blog. TXT files have included the initial settings of the laboratory and the laboratory (. NET) already has end settings with everything working.Here is the link to download.
BGP Lab - IBGP Peers
A strong hug to all and good week.
Maurício.
PS: For those who have problems with English come in contact with me to translate to Portuguese. Comments made by me are being made in English because the practice, study and test materials are all in this language, so if we pull everybody. Another hug.
No Comments »
Hello Guys,
Continuing the series of commands Show, presenting them to the IS-IS protocol.
This protocol is quite different from most because it is based on the OSI address. At first sight appears to be complicated, but understanding the theory behind the protocol is all uncomplicated.
Below.
| COMMAND |
A RELATED |
RESULT |
| show clns |
IS-IS - General |
Displays summary, include: number of interfaces that are running, NET timers and address. |
| show clns neighbors |
IS-IS - Neighbors |
Overview of neighbors. Include: remote router ID, interface, SNPA (link-layer address), status, and type of adjacency holdtime (Level-1, Level-2). |
| show clns neighbors detail |
IS-IS - Neighbors |
Presents details of the neighbors. Besides the above information still shows: IP address, uptime and area (from the NET). |
| show clns route |
IS-IS - Routes |
Displays all NSAP (Network Service Access Point) you can route data. |
| show isis topology [..] |
IS-IS - Routes |
Displays a list of paths to all routers within the area of routing. You can pass parameters to filter (only Level-1, for example.) |
| show isis database [..] |
IS-IS - LSPs |
Displays each of the LSPs in the database. Contain information such as router that generated the LSP (LSPID), sequence numbers, checksum, holdtime and bits for control. You can pass parameters to filter (only Level-1, for example.) |
| show isis spf-log |
IS-IS - SPF |
Presents relevant information to the application of SPF algorithm. If there are many executions of suspected problems with configuration. |
OUTPUTS:
R4#show clns
Global CLNS Information:
3 Interfaces Enabled for CLNS
NET: 49.0020.0000.0000.000b.00
Configuration Timer: 60, Default Holding Timer: 300, Packet Lifetime 64
ERPDU’s requested on locally generated packets
Running IS-IS in IP-only mode (CLNS forwarding not allowed)
R4#show clns neighbors
System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol
R3 Se1/0 *HDLC* Up 28 L2 IS-IS
R5 Se1/1 *HDLC* Up 25 L2 IS-IS
R4#show clns neighbors detail
System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol
R3 Se1/0 *HDLC* Up 25 L2 IS-IS
Area Address(es): 49.0020
IP Address(es): 10.100.0.1*
Uptime: 00:42:23
NSF capable
R5 Se1/1 *HDLC* Up 23 L2 IS-IS
Area Address(es): 49.0030
IP Address(es): 10.100.0.6*
Uptime: 00:42:23
NSF capable
R4#show clns route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, d - DecnetIV
I - ISO-IGRP, i - IS-IS, e - ES-IS
B - BGP, b - eBGP-neighbor
C 49.0020.0000.0000.000b.00 [1/0], Local IS-IS NET
C 49.0020 [2/0], Local IS-IS Area
R3#show isis topology ?
WORD Hostname or NSAP of a router
l1 Paths to all level-1 routers in the area
l2 Paths to all level-2 routers in the domain
level-1 Paths to all level-1 routers in the area
level-2 Paths to all level-2 routers in the domain
| Output modifiers
R3#show isis topology
IS-IS paths to level-1 routers
System Id Metric Next-Hop Interface SNPA
R3 --
IS-IS paths to level-2 routers
System Id Metric Next-Hop Interface SNPA
R3 –
R4 5 R4 SE2 / 0 * HDLC *
R5 15 R4 SE2 / 0 * HDLC *
R3#show isis database ?
WORD LSPID in the form of xxxx.xxxx.xxxx.xx-xx or name.xx-xx
detail Detailed link state database information
l1 IS-IS Level-1 routing link state database
l2 IS-IS Level-2 routing link state database
level-1 IS-IS Level-1 routing link state database
level-2 IS-IS Level-2 routing link state database
verbose Verbose database information
| Output modifiers
R3#show isis database
IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000005 0xB7E2 1057 1/0/0
IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000006 0x4207 1005 0/0/0
R4.00-00 0x00000005 0x9CAF 942 0/0/0
R5.00-00 0x00000005 0x63ED 795 0/0/0 1/0/0 IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000005 0xB7E2 1057 1/0/0
IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000006 0x4207 1005 0/0/0
R4.00-00 0x00000005 0x9CAF 942 0/0/0
R5.00-00 0x00000005 0x63ED 795 0/0/0 0/0/0 IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000005 0xB7E2 1057 1/0/0
IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000006 0x4207 1005 0/0/0
R4.00-00 0x00000005 0x9CAF 942 0/0/0
R5.00-00 0x00000005 0x63ED 795 0/0/0 0/0/0 IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000005 0xB7E2 1057 1/0/0
IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000006 0x4207 1005 0/0/0
R4.00-00 0x00000005 0x9CAF 942 0/0/0
R5.00-00 0x00000005 0x63ED 795 0/0/0 0/0/0 IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000005 0xB7E2 1057 1/0/0
IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R3.00-00 * 0x00000006 0x4207 1005 0/0/0
R4.00-00 0x00000005 0x9CAF 942 0/0/0
R5.00-00 0x00000005 0x63ED 795 0/0/0
R3#show isis spf-log
level 1 SPF log
When Duration Nodes Count First trigger LSP Triggers
00:43:43 0 1 4 R3.00-00 PERIODIC RTCLEARED NEWMETRI
C NEWLSP
00:43:27 0 1 2 R3.00-00 ATTACHFLAG LSPHEADER
00:28:52 0 1 1 PERIODIC
00:13:52 0 1 1 PERIODIC
level 2 SPF log
When Duration Nodes Count First trigger LSP Triggers
00:43:44 0 1 4 R3.00-00 PERIODIC RTCLEARED NEWMETRI
C NEWLSP
00:43:34 8 3 4 R3.00-00 NEWADJ LSPHEADER TLVCONTENT
00:28:54 4 3 1 PERIODIC
00:13:53 4 3 1 PERIODIC
A Abrasive,
Maurício Bento Ghem.
2 Comments »
Hello Guys,
More a summary of the series of commands show, now for the OSPF protocol with focus on the proof BSCI.
This summary was based on previously published lab: Laboratory OSPF and IS-IS with bidirectional Redistribution.
Below is a summary of each command. Each contains a link to its full output.
| COMMAND |
A RELATED |
RESULT |
| Show ip ospf [process-id] |
OSPF - General |
Displays details of configuring OSPF. Displays information such as: Router ID, timers, last performance of the SPF algorithm and statistics. |
| show ip ospf database [..] |
OSPF - LSAS |
Displays information of each type of LSA. Passing the parameter type is presented more detailed information on each. |
| show ip ospf border-routers |
OSPF - ABR / ASBR |
Shows the ABR and ASBR. Details as RouterID, interface connected and appear in this area command. |
| show ip ospf neighbor [detail] |
OSPF - Neighbors |
Presents a summary and status of the adjacency with its neighbors. This command displays information such as neighbor router ID, state (DR, BDR ..), dead time (time until the route goes out, or receives a new hello),IP address of the neighbor and the local router interface which is this neighbor. |
| show ip ospf interface brief |
OSPF - Summary |
Presents a summary of OSPF on each interface on which it is running.Shows: interface, process ID, area, and IP mask, cost, status (DR / BDR …). |
| show ip ospf virtual-links |
OSPF - Virtual-Links |
Displays (if applicable) the virtual-links and statistics. Information contained: Timers, Router ID, Area transit, state of the adjacency. |
| show ip route |
OSPF - Routes |
To illustrate that the router is redistributing the routes, is shown the command show ip route shows that both routes of Protocol OSPF and IS-IS (and the default route learned by the IS-IS). |
Outputs
R3#show ip ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID number
border-routers Border and Boundary Router Information
database Database summary
flood-list Link state flood list
interface Interface information
mpls MPLS related information
neighbor Neighbor list
request-list Link state request list
retransmission-list Link state retransmission list
sham-links Sham link information
summary-address Summary-address redistribution Information
virtual-links Virtual link information
| Output modifiers
R3#show ip ospf 1
Routing Process “ospf 1? with ID 10.100.0.1
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
It is an autonomous system boundary router
Redistributing External Routes from,
isis with metric mapped to 120, includes subnets in redistribution
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs. Minimum LSA arrival 1 secs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0×000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0×000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 0 normal 0 stub 1 nssa
External flood list length 0
Area 3
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
It is a NSSA area
generates NSSA default route with cost 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:36:04.468 ago
SPF algorithm executed 4 times
Area ranges are
10.3.0.0/16 Passive Advertise
Number of LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0×041817
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0×000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
R3#show ip ospf database ?
adv-router Advertising Router link states
asbr-summary ASBR summary link states
database-summary Summary of database
external External link states
network Network link states
nssa-external NSSA External link states
opaque-area Opaque Area link states
opaque-as Opaque AS link states
opaque-link Opaque Link-Local link states
router Router link states
self-originate Self-originated link states
summary Network summary link states
| Output modifiers
R3#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (10.100.0.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 3)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.100.0.1 10.100.0.1 220 0x80000003 0x00E547 1
10.255.0.0 10.255.0.0 225 0x80000003 0x00C235 1
Net Link States (Area 3)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq # Checksum
10.3.0.1 10.255.0.0 225 0×80000002 0×009D07
Summary Net Link States (Area 3)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq # Checksum
10.0.0.0 10.255.0.0 225 0×80000002 0×005AC6
10.1.0.0 10.255.0.0 225 0×80000002 0×0058C6
10.2.0.0 10.255.0.0 225 0×80000002 0×0056C6
Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 3)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
0.0.0.0 10.100.0.1 220 0x80000002 0x001C2B 0
10.100.0.0 10.100.0.1 223 0x80000002 0x00AD17 0
R0#show ip ospf border-routers
OSPF Process 1 internal Routing Table
Codes: i - Intra-area route, I - Inter-area route
i 10.255.2.2 [2] via 10.0.0.2, FastEthernet0/0, ABR, Area 0, SPF 8
i 10.100.0.1 [1] via 10.3.0.2, FastEthernet1/0, ASBR, Area 3, SPF 6
i 10.255.1.1 [1] via 10.0.0.2, FastEthernet0/0, ABR, Area 0, SPF 8
R0#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.255.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:37 10.0.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
10.100.0.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:39 10.3.0.2 FastEthernet1/0
R3#show ip ospf interface
FastEthernet1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 10.3.0.2/30, Area 3
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.100.0.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 10.255.0.0, Interface address 10.3.0.1
Backup Designated router (ID) 10.100.0.1, Interface address 10.3.0.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:05
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0×0(0)/0×0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.255.0.0 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R0#show ip ospf interface brief
Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Fa0/0 1 0 10.0.0.1/30 1 BDR 1/1
Fa1/0 1 3 10.3.0.1/30 1 DR 1/1 10.0.0.1/30 R0#show ip ospf interface brief
Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Fa0/0 1 0 10.0.0.1/30 1 BDR 1/1
Fa1/0 1 3 10.3.0.1/30 1 DR 1/1 10.3.0.1/30 R0#show ip ospf interface brief
Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Fa0/0 1 0 10.0.0.1/30 1 BDR 1/1
Fa1/0 1 3 10.3.0.1/30 1 DR 1/1
R2#show ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 10.255.1.1 is up
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 1, via interface FastEthernet0/0, Cost of using 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:09
Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
Index 1/2, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 1
First 0×0(0)/0×0(0) Next 0×0(0)/0×0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 10.100.0.2 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 9 subnets, 4 masks
O IA 10.2.0.0/16 [110/4] via 10.3.0.1, 00:43:28, FastEthernet1/0
C 10.3.0.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 10.0.0.0/16 [110/2] via 10.3.0.1, 00:43:48, FastEthernet1/0
i su 10.0.0.0/14 [115/84] via 0.0.0.0, Null0
O IA 10.1.0.0/16 [110/3] via 10.3.0.1, 00:43:48, FastEthernet1/0
i L2 10.100.8.0/21 [115/15] via 10.100.0.2, Serial2/0
i L2 10.100.0.4/30 [115/15] via 10.100.0.2, Serial2/0
C 10.100.0.0/30 is directly connected, Serial2/0
O 10.100.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:43:55, Null0
i*L2 0.0.0.0/0 [115/15] via 10.100.0.2, Serial2/0
Abrasive and a personal success.
Maurício Bento Ghem.
2 Comments »
Hello Guys,
It is with great pride that I present a very interesting laboratory, following the original title of the Lab:
Laboratory OSPF and IS-IS redistribution with bidirectional and NSSA area with default-route, shown below.
With this lab was possible to acquire many skills, especially the redistribution of routes between protocols.
After some time trying to implement the optimal way for redistribution, or redistribute only the summary routes (hierarchical addressing was used), and finally it offers them the laboratory. Repair an area that was used ÑßÅ (not-so-stubby area) of OSPF to complicate the situation a little more.
Like all laboratories published by me, correct the paths in the. Net and grab the corresponding IOS in HD blog, IOS folder.Remember that to perform the laboratory from the start, or configure each device I provided the basic configuration files in TXT, and the final configuration is in the archives. Cfg in subfolder.
Also, follow the same recommendations for learning. Use and abuse of show and debug commands, modify the settings, put the links to check the convergence. Use this lab to learn.
Here is the link to download the laboratory:
Laboratory ISIS and OSPF Redistribution with bidirectional
No doubt, to feel the desire to contact me.
A Abrasive staff,
Maurício Bento Ghem.
2 Comments »
Hello Guys,
I would like to inform you that today was the HD updated the blog.
Were inserted all books CiscoPress official to study for each of the CCNP tests. Moreover, were included as simulated (TKS and P4S) to recommend its use only to identify the weaknesses in their study.
Another interesting tool for the study that was included is the video Mentors! All are narrated by the author Jeremy Cioara. For all that is good understanding of English is a perfect tool for setting the contents read in books.
Follow the link for the HD blog:
http://bentow.4shared.com
A Abrasive,
Maurício.
No Comments »
 Hello Guys,
Following my studies for the BSCI, the first of four tests of CCNP, presenting them to a lab that I understand the operation of the Integrated IS-IS protocol.
This protocol in the first instance seems to be complicated, but there is none. The difference is that it is based on OSI and not IP address in its origins. Another advantage is that it runs on the link layer.
The laboratory is based on a multi-area configuration that uses three devices and three other Level 1-2 Level 1 routing to internal areas. The topology is done in a Frame-relay multipoint network is seen as in the picture.
Was used to IOS c7200-mz.123-22.bin-ik9o3savailable in HD blog IOS folder.
Remember that you must change the paths of the IOS file. Net included. Also, it appears that the configuration in NVRAM of the router is successfully completed after the lab. If you want to start a new configuration using the configuration as TXTs base.
Below follows the link to download:
Laboratorio Multiarea IS-IS with Framerelay
A Abrasive staff,
Maurício Bento Ghem.
No Comments »
Posted by Maurício Bento Ghem in BGP, BSCI, CCNA, CCNP, EIGRP, Futuro, IS-IS, Labs, OSPF, Resumos, Roteamento, Roteiros de estudo  Imprimir este Post
Hello Guys,
As I am studying for BSCI great summary of each routing protocols for IPv4.
One detail that should be noted that this was done in English resumão (: S). Believe staff, I can think better in English now, especially for the study. As the summary is presented in topics is interesting for all.
For those who are studying for the CCNA is interesting to give a brief look to see what is out there and enjoy some topics that are scope of certification.
A Abrasive,
Maurício.
Below:
Big Resume
EIGRP:
- Cisco proprietary and distance vector protocol (hybrid).
- Incremental updates.
- Uses Dual and crazy metric with K-values (1,3, Bw e DLY default)
- Establishes neighbors and mainting 3 tables (neighbor, topology, routing table).
- Neighbors must match: authentication, subnet, k-values, hello and dead timers.
- Only protocol that supports unequal cost load-balancing and backup routes (Feasible sucessor).
- If FS > AD the router can be a Feasible Sucessor.
- If there isn’t a feasible sucessor the router sends queryes for its neighbors asking for the route.
- Stuck-in-Active (SIA) is when a network is so big that it searches through it. To solve, router stub or summarization.
- Support ip summary address eigrp in the interface for summarizing the networks.
- Support keychain MD5 and plaintext authentication per interface.
- Support percentage of bandwidth usage, very used in PVC links.
- If you redistribute into EIGRP and don’t set a default-metric the route don’t to go to the routing table, because metric = infinite.»Continuar lendo Summary of Routing Protocols - EIGRP + OSPF + ISIS + BGP
1 Comment »
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